Elpidio Quirino was born on November 16, 1890, in Vigan, Ilocos Sur, to Don Mariano Quirino and Doña Gregoria Mendoza Rivera. His early life was marked by hardship, with Quirino working multiple jobs to support his education. He taught school while studying at Vigan High School and later worked as a junior computer in the Bureau of Lands and as a property clerk in the Manila police department. Quirino graduated from Manila High School in 1911 and passed the civil service examination with first-grade honors. He then attended the University of the Philippines, earning his law degree in 1915 and being admitted to the bar the same year.
Quirino began his career in politics as a member of the Philippine House of Representatives from 1919 to 1925. He later served as a senator from 1925 to 1931 and was re-elected in 1931. In 1934, Quirino was part of the Philippine independence mission to Washington, D.C., led by Manuel Quezon, which secured the passage of the Tydings-McDuffie Act . This legislation set the date for Philippine independence as July 4, 1946. Quirino assumed the presidency on April 17, 1948, after the death of Manuel Roxas. His administration focused on post-war reconstruction, economic growth, and increased economic aid from the United States. Notable achievements during his presidency include:
- Economic Growth: Quirino's administration saw significant economic gains, with increased economic aid from the United States.
- Infrastructure Development: Quirino initiated various infrastructure projects, including the development of Quezon City as the new capital .
- Foreign Policy: Quirino strengthened the Philippines' ties with other countries, hosting the Baguio Conference in 1950, which brought together representatives from India, Pakistan, Ceylon, Thailand, Indonesia, and Australia.
Despite these achievements, Quirino's administration was marred by corruption and graft, leading to his defeat in the 1953 presidential election.
References:
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Elpidio-Quirino
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